产生逆温层的原因

您是否见过一种称为冻雨的现象？这种灾害性天气是由所谓的逆温层引起的，该层是使温度反转的一层大气。在本文中，将讨论引起逆温层的3个原因。不过，还有其他原因导致这种现象。

第一个是最常见的原因——晴空辐射。晚上天气晴朗时，由于地面原因，下垫面将迅速失去温度。但是在高层空气中散失热量的速度很慢，然后就出现了逆温层。随着时间的流逝，逆温层将从下垫面到平流层越来越宽。例如，由于逆温层在早上最宽，雾霾会在早晨集中，并阻碍空气扩散。因此，这成为在主要区域形成逆温层的最常见原因。

第二个原因是锋。当冷锋和暖锋形成准静止锋时，就会发生这种情况。这是因为冷空气的密度很小，低于暖空气的密度。冷空气量和热空气量之间的过渡区将形成逆温层。例如，中国贵州总是形成逆温层，因为它的地形很容易让准静止锋产生。另外，锋面逆温是最容易引起冻雨的一个原因。

最后一个因素是地形，尤其是盆地和山谷地区。冷空气将在夜间从山上滑落到低海拔地区，并在较低区域托举暖空气以形成地形逆温。科罗拉多大峡谷和美国西部通常具有这种逆温层。另外，在地形反逆温过程中会形成山谷风。这种地形逆温在每个山谷和小盆地中都很常见。

简而言之，以上三个原因就是逆温层的常见原因。当然，还有其他原因和条件来形成这种现象。

The Causes of Inversion Layer

Have you ever heard of a phenomenon called freezing rain? This hazardous weather is caused by a layer of atmosphere called the inversion layer, which causes a reversal of temperature. In this article, three causes of the inversion layer will be discussed in relation to meteorology. However, there are other factors that contribute to this phenomenon.

The first and most common cause is clear sky radiation. When the weather is clear at night, the ground quickly loses its heat due to its surface properties. However, the rate at which heat is dissipated in the upper atmosphere is much slower, resulting in the formation of an inversion layer. Over time, the inversion layer becomes wider from the surface to the upper level. For instance, because the inversion layer is widest in the morning, fog and haze tend to concentrate and hinder air diffusion. This is why it is the most common cause of the inversion layer in major regions.

The second cause is fronts. When a cold front and a warm front form a quasi-stationary front, the inversion layer occurs. This is because cold air has a lower density than warm air. The transition zone between the cold and warm air masses creates the inversion layer. For example, Guizhou province in China always has an inversion layer because the terrain there is easily conducive to quasi-stationary fronts. Additionally, front inversion is the most common cause of freezing rain.

The last factor is terrain, especially in basin and valley areas. Cold air descends from mountains at night and uplifts warm air to form a terrain inversion in lower elevations. Colorado Canyon and western USA typically have this type of inversion layer. Furthermore, valley winds form during terrain inversion. This type of terrain inversion is common in every valley and small basin.

In summary, the above three factors are the common causes of the inversion layer. Of course, there are other reasons and conditions that contribute to this phenomenon in meteorology.